• Chaetura Swifts: From trees to chimneys

    By Rusty Scalf

    Even a passing acquaintance with the natural world reveals that species exist on a continuum from Specialist to Generalist—from species that require a very particular habitat to those that can survive in a variety of places. Both have their strengths but the vulnerabilities of the specialist are easily seen. What happens to the specialist when their special habitat is impacted? Obviously, it becomes “adapt or perish.”

    Vaux’s Swifts (Chaetura vauxi) and Chimney Swifts (Chaetura pelagica)—both of which evolved to rely on hollow trees for nesting and roosting—are a case in point. What happens when humans destroy old growth forests and remove hollow trees and snags? These swifts have adapted to a different vertical, tubular structure, the chimney: residential chimneys for nesting, and large, pre-World War II industrial chimneys for migratory roosting. Why pre-World War II? Because the older chimneys are often made of concrete or brick with rough inner walls where birds can grasp and hang, while modern industrial chimneys are either metal or ceramic lined. So the chimneys used by swifts are antique, with all the scarcity and fragility this implies.

    McNear Brickyard Swifts by Michael HelmSwifts at McNear Brickyard in September by Michael Helm

    Here in the Bay Area, Vaux’s Swifts have been using the tall chimneys at McNear Brickyard in San Rafael as a staging site during fall migration for many years; possibly since these were decommissioned in 1962. Conversion from trees to human structures happened in a dramatic and complete way for the eastern Chimney Swift well more than a century ago. Now the western Vaux’s Swift is undergoing that same process.

    The switch seems complete for migratory roost sites—so complete that the birds appear to be imprinted* on these big chimneys for migratory staging. Meanwhile, the conversion is well under way for nesting as well. Pacific Northwest towns commonly see Vaux’s Swifts nesting in chimneys. Here, at the extreme southern end of their breeding range, residential chimney nesting is happening in places like Sebastopol, Santa Rosa, and Napa Valley.

    Chimney entry during mid-September peak migration is a sight difficult to describe. It’s just incredible to see thousands of birds pouring into a 100-foot-tall chimney, sometimes at rates of 10 to 15 per second. It’s equally amazing to witness their extensive aerial displays, or murmurations, prior to going in. These displays can last half an hour near sunset. They end when some unknown trigger causes birds to begin pouring into the chimney, often after several apparent “feints” or false starts.…

  • Honoring the Berkeley Bird Festival

    By Ryan Nakano

    Just over three week ago, Golden Gate Bird Alliance, in partnership with the California Institute of Community, Art and Nature, held the inaugural Berkeley Bird Festival, which I’m delighted to say was a great success. 

    Of course, success is subjective and dependent upon how we measure it. Since the festival ended, I’ve had more time to reflect on what exactly we were trying to accomplish. After several conversations with key organizers and participants I realized the festival’s success boiled down to its ability to answer a central question; how do we recognize birds?

    In the context of birding, this is often a question about identification. In the context of the festival, recognition was more akin to honor. How do we honor birds? In what ways do we choose to acknowledge them for the beautiful creatures they are?

    Eco-Ed Director Clay Anderson finishes his Peregrine Falcon chalk art at the Berkeley Bird FestivalEco-Ed Director Clay Anderson finishes his Peregrine Falcon chalk art at the Berkeley Bird Festival

    On the Saturday before the festival, our very own Clay Anderson, Director of Eco-Education, spent seven hours on the hard concrete semi-circle in front of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (MVZ) at UC Berkeley. The next morning, he spent two more hours completing his chalk art masterpiece of a giant Peregrine Falcon, honoring the world’s fastest bird, and more specifically, the falcons known as Annie and Grinnell that nest on top of UC Berkeley’s historic Campanile.

    Throughout the day others followed suit and took part in the practice of chalking out their favorite birds, not only outside of the MVZ, where a collection of bird specimens were on display, but also on the walkway near Li Ka Shing Center and at the entrance of Gather Kitchen Bar and Market. 

    U.C. Campus Birding Field Trip for the Berkeley Bird Festival by Dan HarrisU.C. Campus Birding Field Trip during the Berkeley Bird Festival by Dan Harris

    Meanwhile, seven out of nine field trip groups set out in the early morning with scopes and binoculars to honor the diverse birdlife in Berkeley through the practice of birdwatching.

    With over 200 people in total registered for these trips, each field trip filled to capacity and were generally well received by those in attendance.

    “It was a really fun morning. I don’t think this trip was geared towards kids but the guy leading it was awesome and the group was really welcoming to both my 7 and 10 year old,” attendee Erik Dreher said of the UC Botanical Garden trip. “I remember we saw some rowdy flickers, a couple warblers and some sapsuckers.”…

  • Richmond Christmas Bird Count Takes Shape

    By Ryan Nakano

    When the first Christmas Bird Count (CBC) started back in the early 1900’s, conservationists were attempting to square the circle, i.e. tackle a seemingly insurmountable problem. At the time, hunters carried out the Christmas “side hunt” and bird populations were noticeably dropping at an alarming rate. In response, conservationists counted birds on Christmas, kicking off a tradition that is now in its official 121st year of existence. 

    This year, Golden Gate Bird Alliance is squaring its own circle with the addition of a new Christmas Bird Count in Richmond, CA. The initial problem being, the circle itself. 

    According to the National Audubon Society, who oversees the CBC’s led by local Audubon volunteers, each count must cover a unique 15 mile in diameter circle. Each circle can’t overlap another circle. 

    Map of the Richmond CBC Count Circle Map of the Richmond CBC Count Circle

    This technicality of shape and size, made it impossible to capture the Richmond area for an official count, as already established count circles from Oakland, Benicia and South Marin rule out the region. 

    Is this what early conservationists had in mind when they pitched the holiday tradition over 100 years ago? Maybe. Maybe not. 

    Regardless, Golden Gate Bird Alliance decided it was high time to address this underserved region abundant with birdlife and bird lovers alike, expanding the most important circle of all, our ever-growing birding community. 

    “I live in West Contra Costa County and I bird here. I know it’s rich with birds,” Karyn Noel, Richmond CBC co-compiler said.  “Having this count is important for bringing more visibility to birds and birding across West County.” 

    Even National Audubon, which denied requests to legitimize the Richmond CBC, recognizes the North Richmond Wetlands to be an important bird habitat and site for birding, calling Point Pinole Shoreline and Wildcat Regional Marsh  “tremendous natural resources for the surrounding urban neighborhoods”. It also identifies both Brooks Island and Eastshore Wetlands to be prime birding sites as well.

    Peregrine Falcons, Rosie and Richmond spotted by the Golden Gate Bird Alliance Nest Cam on the Richmond shoreline. Ospreys, Rosie and Richmond spotted by the Golden Gate Bird Alliance Nest Cam on the Richmond shoreline.

    To honor these important habitats and prioritize community involvement with this new Richmond CBC, co-compilers Karyn Noel and Derek Heins have been busy finding local count leaders, defining zones between the Carquinez bridge and El Cerrito, and conducting outreach to Richmond based community groups. 

    “What we’re really trying to do here is run a CBC plus have it be one of the most diverse bird counts in terms of who the birders are by age, gender, ethnicity.…

  • Bird chalk art at the Berkeley Bird Festival

    By Ilana DeBare

    The sidewalks of U.C. Berkeley blossomed with colorful bird life on Sunday — a chalk art aviary that was part of the first-ever Berkeley Bird Festival.

    Golden Gate Bird Alliance invited artists and nature sketchers, adults and kids, casual doodlers and “me? I can’t draw!” passersby to join in creating chalk art images of birds on two campus plazas, in front of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and the Li Ka Shing Center. The results were fantastic. But the process was equally fantastic—watching art emerge, bit by bit, smudge by smudge, out of bland concrete walkways.

    Many thanks to all the artists who participated! And to our festival co-sponsor, the California Institute for Community, Art, & Nature, and to the U.C. Berkeley Chancellor’s Community Partnership Fund, which supported the Festival. We’ll give a broader report on the Festival in an upcoming blog post, but for now here’s a gallery of chalk art images.

    Peregrine Falcon chalk artGGBA’s own Clay Anderson kicked the chalk art program off with a magnificent Peregrine Falcon, inspired by the falcon pair that nest on the UC Campanile. Red-tailed Hawk chalk artRed-tailed Hawk with a message: Don’t use rodenticides! Bufflehead chalk artBufflehead by GGBA board member Amy Chong. She managed to capture its iridescence! Chalk art parrotA “wild parrot of Telegraph Hill” Peregrine Falcon chalk artPeregrine Falcons were a popular subject! Grant Yang’s finished Lazuli Bunting Woodpecker chalk artAn Ivory-billed Woodpecker -— extinct in nature but alive on the UC sidewalk — by Brenda Helm Nukupuu chalk artNukupu’u, a Hawaiian honeycreeper that is most likely extinct, by Michael Helm Chalk art bird and treeThis young artist drew habitat as well as a bird Bonaparte's Gull chalk artBonaparte’s Gull chalk art Peacock chalk artA resplendent peacock Chal kart peacockPeacock! Woodpecker chalk artPileated Woodpecker and chicks Thunderbirdchalk artNative American-style Thunderbird Evolution chalk artThis artist depicted the evolution of birds from other dinosaurs Hummingbird chalk artA much larger-than-life hummingbird Painted Bunting chalk artPainted Bunting Chalk artists at UC BerkeleyArtists spread out, making the whole walkway their canvas Chalk art bluebirdsThe author, one of those “me? I can’t draw” people, with her Western Bluebirds Chalk art and Clay AndersonAt the end of the day, time to clean up. Thank you, Clay and all the participants! There were many more beautiful chalk birds than we could fit in this blog post.

    Photos By Ilana DeBare and Ryan Nakano.…

  • Birding at the University of California Botanical Garden

    By Chris Carmichael

    With one of the richest plant collections in the United States, the University of California Botanical Garden (UCBG) offers birders in the Bay Area a range of unique birding opportunities. Located in Strawberry Canyon in the hills above the UC Berkeley campus, the UCBG plant collections are arranged in a biogeographical manner (California, Mexico and Central America, Australasia, etc.), with an emphasis on plants from Mediterranean climates of the world, including, prominently, the flora of California. 

    It’s interesting to see how our native birds adapt to the worldwide flora represented in the garden. Hummingbirds are a prime example. There are many hummingbird-pollinated flowers in the Californian, South American, and Mexican and Central American Areas, and our two commonly encountered hummingbird species, Anna’s and Allen’s, readily visit plants such as salvias that occur in these areas. But, they also visit tubular flowers from around the world, including plants from Southern Africa that are sunbird-pollinated in habitat, such as aloes and certain flowering bulbs. Another example is Melianthus major, the honey bush, from South Africa. This plant produces copious amounts of nectar, and is visited by a wide array of native birds, including Black-headed Grosbeaks, Hooded Orioles, Golden-crowned Sparrows, and Yellow-rumped Warblers.

    Allen's Hummingbird feeding on Nicotiana tomentosiformis in the South American AreaAllen’s Hummingbird feeding on Nicotiana sp. in the South American Area at UCBG by Melanie Hofmann

    Between its diverse plant life, and edges created by transitions from one garden area to another, the botanical garden is appealing to many different bird species.  This is an example of the ecological concept of “the edge effect”, where changes in population or community structures occur at the boundary of two or more habitats. Edges are often species rich, and the Garden provides a microcosm of this kind of environment. Permanent water features, including the Japanese Pool and several tributaries of Strawberry Creek, draw in water birds, although few stay for very long.

    You can see a typical range of migrants in the UCBG during the spring and fall.  Lazuli Buntings are dependable in the spring, and Rufous Hummingbirds are typical during early fall (and late summer) migration. During breeding season you’re likely to find Black-headed Grosbeaks and Warbling Vireos in small trees throughout the UCBG, Olive-sided and Pacific-slope Flycatchers in the redwoods that shelter the Asian Area, and Hooded Orioles in the fan palms around the conference center.  Moist creek courses throughout the UCBG are good places to look for Wilson’s and Orange-crowned Warblers, Pacific Wrens, and Swainson’s Thrushes with their ethereal song.…