By Ilana DeBare

Golden Gate Bird Alliance’s habitat work at Pier 94 in San Francisco is entering an exciting new stage – restoration of the uplands area.

Are you familiar with Pier 94?  Most San Franciscans aren’t; they don’t have a reason to stop at this small 5.5-acre natural oasis on the city’s southern waterfront, sandwiched between a stone, sand and gravel processing facility and other industrial port properties.

But many GGBA members know Pier 94 well – from volunteering on the restoration work there, or stopping by to look for shorebirds and Osprey, or viewing the amazing kite photos we shared on this blog last summer.

Before 1960, Pier 94 was a salt marsh with a variety of wetland plants that likely included California sea-blite or Suaeda Californica. But over the next several decades, the marsh deteriorated into an informal dumping site for asphalt and concrete, old tires, rebar and other materials.

In the wake of a disastrous 1996 oil spill in the Bay, the Port of San Francisco offered up Pier 94 as a site that could mitigate some of the spill damage. The Restoration Plan resulting from the spill agreed that restoration of Pier 94 could provide benefits such as:

• Additional spawning and nursery habitat for fish.
• Foraging and roosting habitat for shorebirds, wading birds, waterfowl, passerines and raptors.
• Improved water quality by trapping sediments from runoff and filtering out contaminants.
• Environmental public use opportunities.

Golden Gate Bird Alliance played the lead role in advocating for restoration of Pier 94, and entered into a long-term partnership with the Port, which owns the site. Starting in 2002, GGBA has coordinated monthly volunteer work days that include planting and monitoring California sea-blite, removing trash and non-native plants, and inventorying plants and wildlife at the site.

Until recently, nearly all of the work focused on the shoreline or marsh section of the site. Today that area is a healthy marsh that is home to a variety of marine life and birds such as American Avocets, Long-billed Curlews and Black Oystercatchers.

Which brings us to the next stage … the uplands. We’re now working on similar restoration of the uplands area of the site. Together with the Port, we tested the soil in that area in 2011 and found that it was filled with rebar, concrete and other rubble that would not support native vegetation.…

By Ilana DeBare

This past Saturday was the annual Return of the Terns celebration and bus tour, the one day each year when the breeding colony of endangered California Least Terns at Alameda Point is open to the public for viewing.

Three busloads of eager tern watchers toured the perimeter of the colony, guided by an expert U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service biologist.  Alameda environmental blogger Richard Bangert reported:

“Adult terns could be seen busily bringing small fish to their young, and doting on the young chicks as they scampered around the sandy colony.  The cool temperatures of the day made it less stressful for the young birds.

“The adults will continue bringing fish to their young and watching over them until they’re ready to fly south in early August.  It looks like it will turn out to be a very good year for Alameda’s least tern colony, the largest in Northern California.”

Friends of the Alameda Wildlife Refuge, a GGBA committee, was a co-sponsor of Return of the Terns. FAWR also works year-round to maintain the terns’ habitat on the tarmac of the old Alameda naval air base. FAWR and GGBA continue to push for permanent protection of the terns’ nesting site.

You can follow ongoing developments at Alameda Point on Richard’s blog, the Alameda Point Environmental Report.  Thanks to Richard and to photographer Rick Lewis for the following photos from Return of the Terns!

Terns in the air over the former naval air strip / Photo by Richard Bangert California Least Tern and chicks / Photo by Rick Lewis

 

California Least Tern presenting fish to chick / Photo by Rick Lewis Tern in flight / Photo by Rick Lewis

 

Want more California Least Tern news and photos? The San Francisco Chronicle ran a story about “Tern Town,” the colony of Least Terns in Hayward, on June 19th.

East Bay Regional Park District biologists and volunteers built a welcoming site for terns out of clay, sand and oyster shells in a former salt pond. Then they played recordings of terns mating to attract the actual birds.

“We tried to make it a tern singles bar,” (biologist David) Riensche told Chronicle reporter Carolyn Jones.

By Ilana DeBare

Good news! The City of Oakland just added a set of Bird Safety Measures to its building permit requirements – becoming the third major city in North America to adopt such standards.

Golden Gate Bird Alliance approached Oakland city planners and asked them to develop bird safety guidelines last winter. GGBA Conservation Project Manager Noreen Weeden provided advice on the details and language, as did Christine Sheppard of the American Bird Conservancy.

The addition of the Bird Safety Measures is particularly timely since Oakland is anticipating some large new development projects along its waterfront – buildings that could pose a big collision threat to birds if not designed thoughtfully.

“These measures will definitely have a positive impact on future development in Oakland,” Weeden said.

Building collisions kill an estimated 300 million to 1 billion birds across the U.S. and Canada each year. Many of these deaths involve collisions with windows, since birds cannot see most glass. Nighttime lights worsen the problem by drawing birds off their migratory routes and into dense downtown areas with lots of glass walls and windows.

The new Oakland measures apply to structures that have glass as part of their exterior, and that are next to large bodies of water, parks or green spaces.

Among other things, the measures require developers to:

• Avoid the use of mirrors in landscape design.
• Apply bird-friendly glazing to at least 90 percent of windows and glass between the ground and sixty feet above ground. Some positive glazing options include opaque glass, clear glass etched with patterns, and UV-pattern reflective glass (since unlike humans, most birds can see ultraviolet light).
• Turn out nighttime architectural lights and avoid beam lighting during spring and fall migration seasons.
• Install timers or motion sensors on interior lights, so they can be programmed to turn off between 11 p.m. and sunrise.
• Minimize roof antennas and other rooftop structures that create additional collision risks.
• Include bird safety in building management plans. For instance, building managers could ask employees to draw blinds at night during migration season and could schedule nightly maintenance before 11 p.m. to keep buildings dark at night.

Bright nighttime lights like these of downtown Oakland can draw birds off their migratory routes / Photo by Allen Hirsch

Oakland planners started drawing up the measures in January.…

By Phila Rogers

When I fell and broke my right shoulder in April, I felt as if I had lost a wing.  With the arm immobilized in a sling, my balance was compromised. I was deprived of my ability to walk safely which meant no bird walks – a loss not willingly accepted during the most active time of year for most birds.  So I took to my bed.  Not the bed, exactly, but the narrow daybed in my sunroom which has a fine view of the hanging feeder and seed tray on the adjoining deck.

I became a student of avian minutia.  Before long I could distinguish with confidence the difference between a male House Finch and a Purple Finch.  Voices helped, too, as there’s no mistaking the melodic Purple Finch’s warbling from the hyperactive, somewhat scratchy House Finch song.

Because it’s breeding season, some birds came in threes.  Three Oak Titmice visited daily.  I love this plain gray-brown bird with a jaunty crest and a round black eye.  A junco pair brought their offspring with its striped breast, the stripes fading in a few days.  After a long absence a Chestnut-backed Chickadee family (two adults, three juveniles) descended from the oak tree to the hanging feeder — the young, by instinct, doing a brief wing flutter when the adults were close by.  Lesser Goldfinches were frequent visitors, but no amount of careful looking helped me to distinguish the members of the energetic clan by plumage alone.  No two looked alike.

And then there was an exciting surprise with the arrival of a brilliant male Black-headed Grosbeak whom I had never seen before at my feeders.  He was joined from time to time by two rather drab birds, either females or juvenile birds. Once I watched the male feeding,  while from his throat came a soto voce warble.

The larger, mostly brown birds frequented the millet seed saucer  — that faithful regular, the California Towhee, and the Mourning Dove, with occasional juncos mixed in.

I learned that mealtime is not a relaxing event for the avian world, with more time spent scanning the surroundings than enjoying a snack. Grab a bite, look up and down, always on guard. The arrival of a Western Scrub Jay caused everyone to flee. …

By Kimberly Jannarone 

Buena Vista is San Francisco’s oldest official park (1867), and it earns its name.  It’s a hilltop forest, with winding trails and views in all directions.  On a clear day, you can see the Golden Gate Bridge, the Pacific Ocean, and Alcatraz, as well as the Bay Bridge, East Bay, and Mount Diablo.  While you’re gazing at the view, you’ll also notice a steady stream of birds cruising by.  Pay closer attention, and you’ll see that quite a few of them are nesting, making this urban forest their home.

The park’s oak woodlands and shrubby understory entice many birds to set up shop. In the spring, a little patience will yield views of parent birds bringing food to their young, including Chestnut-backed Chickadees, Pygmy Nuthatches, Dark-eyed Juncos, Bushtits, Brown Creepers, Hutton’s Vireos, Mourning Doves, and Western Scrub Jays.

Standing in a small cluster of oaks, you can observe a Hutton’s Vireo sing its sweet warbling song, grab a bright green caterpillar, bash it against a branch, sing again, and disappear.  Underneath a tall redwood or an old eucalyptus, you can hear the sweet, high song of a Brown Creeper, and then spy it ferrying a cluster of tiny black bugs in its slender, curved beak up the trunk.

Both Allen’s and Anna’s Hummingbirds nest in Buena Vista, and they especially enjoy the plantings on the top of the hill and the recently-restored habitat on the Corona Heights side. The central hill is an ideal place to watch their aerial displays — they climb upwards and swoop down, with all of Marin as their backdrop.  More nesters: Pine Siskins high in the Monterey pines, Song Sparrows in the weedy ravine on the north side, Downy Woodpeckers in the oaks, White-Crowned Sparrows near Haight Street, and Brown-Headed Cowbirds on the south side.  Hooded Orioles nest in palms in near the park and bring their young to forage in the oaks near the southern boardwalk.

Spring brings gratifying migrants, including Western Wood Pewees, Cedar Waxwings, Black-throated Gray and Wilson’s Warblers, and Black-headed Grosbeaks, including one grosbeak who lingered well into winter last year in native plantings on the Corona Heights side.  Olive-sided Flycatchers come through, and each of the three years I’ve been watching, one claims a tall snag near the southern side, sallying out after insects and returning to its favorite perch.…